End connecter for tubes



Dec. 23, 1930. M. A. CAPELIUSCHNICOFF 1,785,727

END GONNECTER FOR TUBES Filed Nov. 8, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l I INVENTOR g oh ATTORNEY M. ACAPELIUSCHNICOFF 1,785,727

END CONNECTER FOR TUBES Filed Nov. 8, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 7,. W MW ATTORNEY Dec. 23, 1930.

I H h w.

-' o connectors, however,

Patented Dec. 23, 1930 v ,1 r KATHY A. CAPELIUBCHNICOFF, 01' NEW YORK, N.

VLADIMIR G. SHUKHOF I',

2., assranoa or aim-HALI- To 01 MOSCOW, UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIS'I BEPUIBLICB mmconnncrna non. runes a umen filed liovcmber 8,1939. Serial in. 405,888. 7

i y invention relates to end connecters for tubes and has aparticular reference'to connecters and attachments for tubes forming batteries for heating liquids. I

" 'According to the usual ractice of building such batteries, the ends each pair of tubes are connected together by a casting or separate forging,there being as many such connecters as there are pairs of tube ends. Such have certain disadvantages, for instance:

1. Their design does not permit to use more than two tubes in arallel or four tubes for, each connecter. or. certain applications,

however, it is desirable to, use a larger numr of tubes in parallel in order to increase the effective heatin surface, to reduce the time for heating und a'r the same pressure, and to reduce the thickness of the tube walls at high ressures.

2. The ordinary construction of such return bends is such that it does not permit the arrangement of tubes with small clearances between them. The clearances, however, should be made as small as it is practical, in order to increase the velocities of the hot gases thereby increasing the efliciency of the heat exchange.

3. The total weight of the battery is considerably increased when separate connecters are used for each pair of tu 4. The ordinary construction of batteries used for cracking petroleum oils is not suit able for capacitlesin excess of about 3000 barrels in 24 hours, as the sizes of individual pipes become too large for the pressures and temperatures involved and it becomes impossible to increase the s eed of the operation.

In order to provi e return bends and connecters free from the above'defects, also to render them suitable for applications requiring high pressures and hi h temperatures, for instance, in heating and distilling (or cracking) petroleum oils or similar hydrocarbons,-

I make such connecters in the form of blocks adapted to receive the ends of a plurality of tubes connected in any desired number of parallel groups and sections.

I make these blocks from steel forgings and 60 provide them with milled chambers for connecting. the ends of tubes or parallel groups of tubes in any suitable number. I also provide special end plugs consisting of two concentric screws, the inner screws being used for clamping the sealing gaskets between tapering surfaces.

My invention is more fully described in the accompanying specification and drawingin which- I Fig. 1 is an elevation ofmy battery partly in section showing the tube connecters, Fig. 2 is a plan view of same partly in section, and Fig. 3 is a detailed view of a connecting block in section.

My connecter consists of a block 1 made preferably of a solid steel forging. It has a plurality of transverse apertures 2. These apertures on one side of the block areprov1ded with circular grooves 4 into which the ends of side of bored to a larger diameter forming a tapering shoulder 6 inside. The counterbored or enlarged portion is provided with threads 7 for screw blocks 8. Connecting chambers or channels 9 are milled inside of the block 1 betweenthe ends of the pipes 5 and under the tapered seats 6. These channels form communications between the adjacent tubes or groups of tubes. For this purpose any desired number of tubes can be connected in one group (in parallel) placing them across the lock, or at an angle as shown on the drawing. Sealing tapered plugs 10 are placed between the tapered shoulders 6 and the screw plugs 8. The lower ends of these sealing locks 10 are made to conform to the shape of the seats6. The screw lu s 8 have recesses 11 for the heads 12 of t e locks 10. These heads are undercut by grooves 13 so asto facilitate their removal from the block by a suitable tool. Sealing gaskets 14are placed between the seats 6 and blocks 10. These gaskets can be made of a soft metalsuch as copper or aluminum (or soft iron) in the form of continuous rings. Bolts 27 press the blocks 10 against the seats 6 thereby compressin and squeezing the wire rings 14.

The lock 1 is preferably made of a suflicient length so as to extend through the full tubes 5 are expanded. On the other the block the apertures are counterlength of the battery of tubes. A number of 3. A tube end connecter, consisting of a, blocks can be placed. side by side, as shown 1n block w1th' a plurahtypf transverse apertures Fig. 2, in order to increase the total heating arranged n consecutlve grou s, sa1d aper-, surface and to more fully utilize the heat of tures on one s1de of said b ock mg adapted gases. The end connecter for the blocks 1 to receive the ends of tubes and being con- 70 5 -consists of a short block 15 made substantially centrically counterbored to allow for expanas the main blockl with transverse apertures sion of the ends of said tubes, said apertures 16 and inner counterbore 17. In order to conon the other side of said block being adapted nect it with the main block 1 the latter in the to receive sealing lugs said block being eclast hole 2 has recesses 4 for a short nipple 18 centrically counter ored inside through said 75 instead of the threads'7. The block has apertures, said eccentric counterbores-of each also end holes 19 for cleaning the chambers air of consecutive groups of said a rtures formedby counterbore 17. This hole is closed eing arranged to merge into eac other with a screw plug 20 pressing a ainst a tathereby forming passages between sa1d. pered plug 21 resting on a tapere seat 22. grgupfi 1ns1de of sa1d block.-

15 n a tube end connecterilthe combination A similar connecter 1s used for intake and I exhaust pipes 23. The connecter consists of with a block provided w1t a plurality of a block 24 similar to the block 15 except that transverse a ertures, said apertures on one the two holes 25 and 26 are located at right side of said lock being adapted to receive angles to each other. This arrangement is the ends of tubes, and on the other side of 5 made in order to facilitate the mounting of said block being provided with tapered seats, these pipes in the furnace. of tapered plugs adapted to fit said ta red Important advantages of my tube connecseats, said a ertures a ove sa1d tapered lock 'ters are that they can e made of a solid'steel being threa ed, screw plugs fitted into said 25 forging thereby eliminating the possiblhty threads without touching said tapered plugs,

- of leakage through the metal which often central raised portions'on sa1d tapered plugs, happensat high pressures and temperatures sa1d portions eing undercut at their bases when steel castings are used, also when the and provided with cup-shaped depressions parts are made by a welding process. The use on top, and screws fitted into said screw plugs of a single block for the whole row ofthe and provided with convexendsadaptedto fit 5 tubes makes possible a very close spacing of said cup-she ed-depress1ons,sa1d screw plugs fth'e tubes thereby making the construction bemg provi ed with recesses at the bottom morecompact,theblocks lighter for :a given -forming clearances around said raised porcapacity, increasing also'the velocity of gases tlon of sa1d tapered plu s, sa1d blocks be ng between the tubes and the coeflicient ofgheat provlded with mterna channel s formmg exchange. My improved construction of the communications between succeedlng groups plugtjpermits their easy replacement and re.- of mind apertures.

' pac 'ng, eliminating leakage andrender ng In testlmony whereof I afiix my sgnature. .themsuitable for very high temperatures and MATVEY A. GAPELIUSCHNI OFF. pressures.

1 I claim as'my invention:

1-. In a tube end connecter, the combination with a block of an elongated shape provided with a lurality of transverse apertures, of 45 plugs c osing said apertures on one side of said block, said ape ures on the other side of said block being adapted to receive the ends of tubes, said apertures inside: of said block being eccentricallycounterbored, said 50 counterbores of each consecutive pair of said apertures merging into each other so as to form a communicatin passage inside of said block between said a jacent apertures. 2. A tube end connecter, consisting of a as block with a plurality of transverse apertures,

said apertures on one side of saidblock being adapted to receive threaded plugs, and on the other side of said block being ada ted to receive the ends of tubes, said bloc bein e0 eccentrically counterbored inside of sai apertures, said counterbores of each consecutive pair of said aplertures being arranged to merge into each ot er thereby forming a assage inside of said block between said a aa5 cent apertures. ,130 

